Origin of Classical Drama/Greek Theatre/Explained in Urdu/Hindi (easy to understand)کلاسیکی ڈراما Malaysia

The genre of 'drama' was originated in ancient Greece where it was considered a sub-genre of Poetry as plays were written in Poetic form. The plays were presented in traditional festivals of the Greek god Dionysus to honor the god and prizes were awarded too. Between the 4th and 5th century B.C three great dramatists were born there; Aeschylus, Sophocles & Euripides. They wrote quite a large number of plays, however, only a few of them could survive through ages. The tragedy was the most adopted form of drama at that time. In his book 'Poetics', Aristotle has defined tragedy as: " A tragedy is the imitation of an action that is serious, has magnitude, and is complete in itself, in language with pleasurable accessories, each kind brought in separately in the various parts of the work; in a dramatic not in a narrative form; with incidents arousing pity and fear, wherewith to accomplish its catharsis of such emotions." He has described the six components of tragedy as Plot, Character, Thought, Diction, Spectacle, and Melody. He also considers three unities (unity of place, unity of time, unity of action) to be the essential part of an ideal tragedy. Another important concept in tragedy is a tragic hero. According to Aristotle, a tragic hero must belong to a noble family and be a possesser of commendable personal traits like valor, honesty, passion, etc. He faces all the challenges manfully and carries out every task with his extraordinary ability and effort, yet is deceived by some of his weaknesses known as 'tragic flaw' or 'the error of judgment' causing his downfall and bringing agonies upon him. In this way, the emotions of pity and fear arouse among the audience and the process of catharsis is complete.

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